Name: Metastazavęs Navikas Plaučiuose 3D Modelis Erler-Zimmer Metastatic Tumour in Lung 3D Printed Model - Labostera
SKU: MP2055
Availability: InStock

Erler-Zimmer GmbH & Co. KG metastatic tumor in the lung 3D model:

Model Number: MP2055
Clinical history:
A 37-year-old male patient presents with a 1-month history of lethargy, cough, and weight loss. He had previously undergone orchidectomy 18 months ago for a testicular tumor. He then underwent neck radiotherapy 12 months after surgery to treat metastases. On arrival, he suddenly became dyspneic and hypoxic and died.
Pathology:
This specimen of the right lung (and 4 ribs) is cut longitudinally. The lung parenchyma shows numerous round tumor nodules ranging in diameter from 5 to 30 mm. The tumors are of various shades, with pale yellow and dark brown cut surfaces. One tumor extends along the bronchi of the lower lobes, forming a cast. Several of the nodules project from the pleural surface, and some show central dislocated surfaces due to necrosis and hemorrhage. This is an example of pulmonary metastasis from a mixed germ cell tumor, most likely choriocarcinoma, arising from a malignant teratoma.
Additional information:
GCTs are the most common malignancies in men. The median age of diagnosis is 30 years and are very rarely diagnosed before puberty. Risk factors for development include cryptorchidism and a positive family history of GCT. Familial GCTs may be associated with increased risk factors for genes encoding kinases such as KIT and BAK. They can be divided into two groups: seminomatous (similar to testicular progenitor cells) and non-seminomatous (similar to embryonic stem cells). More than one-third of GCTs are mixed GCTs, containing two or more types of GCT in a single mass. Multiple combinations of seminoma, teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, luteal tumor, and choriocarcinoma are possible. Teratoma components are found in one-third of mixed GCTs. Choriocarcinomas produce elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein and beta-hCG. Lymphatic spread involves the retroperitoneal parathyroid nodes initially. Later, the mediastinum and supraclavicular nodes may be involved. The lungs are the most common site of hematogenous spread, but the liver, brain, or bones may be involved. Symptoms may include a non-cancerous testicular mass and hematospermia. Late symptoms of distal metastases may occur. Common symptoms of pulmonary metastases include cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and recurrent infection.
Treatment depends on the clinical stage, but usually includes radical orchidectomy, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiotherapy. More than 95% early-stage GCTs can be cured.